Abstract
A(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 (abbreviated as AMN, A=Ba, Sr and Ca) complex perovskite with tolerance factor t of 0.937–1.03 was incorporated into Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 (BNT) matrix with tBNT = 0.977 to form binary solid solutions, and the influence of dopant concentration and type on their ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties were investigated. It is found that the BNT-xCaMN system has a higher driving field, probably due to the co-contribution from smaller A-site ionic radius and larger atomic electronegativity. This study also revealed a relationship between t value of morphotropic and polymorphic phase boundary compositions for the BNT-xAMN systems and AMN end-members with tBaMN = 1.03 > tBNT, tSrMN = 0.972 ≈ tBNT and tCaMN = 0.937 < tBNT, which complements a MPB-t relation for quick predicting the approximate morphotropic and polymorphic phase boundary regions of BNT-based systems.
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