Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have been regularly prescribed to treat and prevent diseases for thousands of years in the eastern part of the Asian continent. Thus, when the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic started, TCM was officially incorporated as a strategy by the National Health Commission (NHC) for the treatment of COVID-19 infection. TCMs were used to treat COVID-19 and had a significant effect on alleviating symptoms, delaying disease progression, improving the cure rate, and reducing the mortality rate in China. Therefore, China’s National Health Commission officially approved Qingfei Paidu decoction, Xuanfei Baidu decoction, Huashi Baidu decoction, Lianhua Qingwen capsules, Jinhua Qinggan granules, and Xuebijing for COVID-19 treatment. This review evaluates and summarizes the use of TCMs against infectious diseases and the composition, clinical efficacy, and mechanisms of the NHC-approved “three Chinese medicines and three Chinese recipes” for COVID-19 treatment. The three Chinese medicines and three Chinese recipes have been demonstrated to be highly effective against COVID-19, but there is a lack of in vivo or in vitro evidence. Most of the available data related to the potential mechanism of the three Chinese medicines and three Chinese recipes is based on virtual simulation or prediction, which is acquired via molecular docking and network pharmacology analysis. These predictions have not yet been proven. Therefore, there is a need for high-quality in vivo and in vitro and clinical studies by employing new strategies and technologies such as genomics, metabolomics, and proteomics to verify the predicted mechanisms of these drug’s effects on COVID-19.
Highlights
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which was first reported in December 2019 in Wuhan, China
We found that IL-6, TNF, RELA, MAPK1, MAPK8, CXCL8, IL1B, MAPK14, TP53, CCL2, IL-2, PTGS2, and IFNG were the key targets for Huashi Baidu decoction (HSBD) treatment of COVID-19 (Lai et al, 2020; Liu et al, 2020; Tao et al, 2020; Xie et al, 2020; Niu et al, 2021; Zhu et al, 2021)
The three Chinese medicines and three Chinese recipes are effective in the treatment and prevention of COVID-19 infections
Summary
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which was first reported in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. XFBD was recommended by NHC in the guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia to treat COVID-19 on February 28, 2020 (National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, 2020b).
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