Abstract
Helichrysum plicatum DC. is widely used in folk medicine in treating a variety of health disorders. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of different extraction solvents on the chemical composition, antioxidant potential, and antimicrobial activities of H. plicatum. Aerial parts were separately extracted with ethanol, dichloromethane, and sunflower oil. The oil extract (OE) was re-extracted with acetonitrile. A total of 142 compounds were tentatively identified in ethanolic (EE), dichloromethane (DCME), and acetonitrile (ACNE) extracts using HPLC-DAD/ESI-ToF-MS. The dominant compound class in all extracts were α-pyrones, alongside flavonoids in EE, terpenoids in DCME and ACNE, and phloroglucinols in DCME. The antioxidant potential of the extracts was assessed by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) assay. EE and DCME possessed the most potent radical scavenging capacity. Antimicrobial activity was investigated on eight bacterial, two yeast, and one fungal species. All extracts exhibited high antifungal and notable antibacterial activities compared to control substances, with DCME being the most potent. DCME exhibited stronger antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa than the standard chloramphenicol.
Highlights
The genus Helichrysum Miller (Asteraceae) comprises about 600 species of perennial or annual herbs or shrublets distributed in Europe, Asia, and Africa, the plant parts of which have been traditionally used as infusions or decoctions in the treatment of diverse ailments [1,2]
The yields were 7.14%, 2.88%, and 0.62% for ethanol (EE), dichloromethane (DCME), and Aerial parts of wild H. plicatum at the full blooming stage were extracted with solvents of acetonitrile oil (ACNE) extracts, respectively
The same flavonoids found in H. arenarium, which are reported to exhibit choleretic, cholagogue, hepatoprotective, and detoxifying activities, are present in H. plicatum [107]
Summary
The genus Helichrysum Miller (Asteraceae) comprises about 600 species of perennial or annual herbs or shrublets distributed in Europe, Asia, and Africa, the plant parts of which have been traditionally used as infusions or decoctions in the treatment of diverse ailments [1,2]. Helichrysum species represent an abundant source of secondary metabolites, such as flavonoids, chalcones, phenolic acids, phthalides, coumarins, pyrones, and terpenes [1] Plant extracts and their chemical constituents exhibit a range of biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, wound-healing, antimicrobial, photoprotective, anticarcinogenic, etc. Is a herbaceous perennial plant, which is native to the Balkan and Anatolian Peninsulas and Iran [13] It has been used in folk medicine for wound-healing and the treatment of gastric and hepatic disorders, diabetes, and kidney stones [14,15,16].
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