Abstract
The oils of a number of new oilseed crops considered for introduction in agricultural practice in temperature climate zones, Crambe abyssinica Hoschst. ex Fries, Eruca sativa Mill, Limnanthes alba Benth., Euphorbia lagascae Sprengel, Dimorphotheca pluvialis (L.) Much., and Calendula officinalis L. were characterized. The triglyceride and fatty acid composition, including their positional distribution, as well as some important physical and chemical properties of the oils were determined. These data may help to identify the industrial applications of these oils. The high content of erucic acid in Crambe abyssinica and Eruca sativa seed oils make these crops interesting alternatives to high erucic rapeseed. The oil of Limnanthes alba, containing very long chain fatty acids, was found to be extremely oxidation resistant. Euphorbia lagascae and Dimorphotheca pluvialis can provide oleochemical industries with unique, highly reactive, functionalized fatty acids (epoxy and hydroxydiene fatty acids, respectively). Calendula officinalis seed oil was found to have properties similar to tung oil, i.e. a high viscosity and refractive index, and a high tendency to air-dry. Applications for this oil can be found as binders in paints and coatings.
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