Abstract
AbstractThe decomposer soil community maintains the arable soil ecosystem for the nutrient turnover. Here, we studied the dynamics of the soil fungal populations in a typical Phaeozem luvico in Argentina and related it to the management practices. Soil samples (at 0–10 cm depth) were collected from a field cultivated with wheat, at different sampling times: at post-harvest, before sowing, and at tillering. The relative abundance of individuals in the population on Nash Snyder and Oxgall agar media was assessed as colony forming units (CFU). The fungal population was classified by numerical taxonomy at the different sampling times. The highest values of CFU g−1 of soil were found at post-harvest under reduced tillage and differed significantly from those at conventional tillage. The genera Trichoderma, Fusarium, Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Fusarium oxysporum were present in the largest number of samples and discriminated the fungal community between times. This discrimination could be related to alterati...
Highlights
Agricultural intensification results in the modification of the quality of soil, affecting its productivity
The highest values of colony forming units (CFU) g−1 of soil were found for the samples collected at post-harvest from soils under reduced tillage (RT) and differed significantly from those at conventional tillage (CT) throughout the experiment for Oxgall agar (Ox-A)
The CFU values of samples coming from RT decreased along the sampling times, whereas those from CT increased slightly
Summary
Agricultural intensification results in the modification of the quality of soil, affecting its productivity. The decomposer soil community consists of a wide range of bacteria, fungi, protists, and invertebrates. Saprophytic fungi are essential for the maintenance of the arable soil ecosystem for the purpose of the nutrient turnover (Kalbitz, Solinger, Park, & Michalzik, 2000). Several fungal groups in the soil act to decompose natural substrates. Cellulolytic fungi carry out crucial enzymatic activity in the degradation of plant residue substrate and can potentially suppress soil-borne diseases, as many soil-borne pathogens act with biocontrol mechanisms (antibiosis, hyperparasitism, nutrient competition, and induced systemic resistant (Cordo et al, 2007; Deacon et al, 2006)
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