Abstract
BackgroundThe apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata, is one of the world’s 100 worst invasive alien species and vector of some pathogens relevant to human health.MethodsOn account of the importance of gut microbiota to the host animals, we compared the communities of the intestinal microbiota from P. canaliculata collected at different developmental stages (juvenile and adult) and different sexes by using high-throughput sequencing.ResultsThe core bacteria phyla of P. canaliculata gut microbiota included Tenericutes (at an average relative abundance of 45.7 %), Firmicutes (27.85 %), Proteobacteria (11.86 %), Actinobacteria (4.45 %), and Cyanobacteria (3.61 %). The female group possessed the highest richness values, whereas the male group possessed the lowest bacterial richness and diversity compared with the female and juvenile group. Both the developmental stages and sexes had important effects on the composition of the intestinal microbiota of P. canaliculata. By LEfSe analysis, microbes from the phyla Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were enriched in the female group, phylum Bacteroidetes was enriched in the male group, family Mycoplasmataceae and genus Leuconostoc were enriched in the juvenile group. PICRUSt analysis predicted twenty-four metabolic functions in all samples, including general function prediction, amino acid transport and metabolism, transcription, replication, recombination and repair, carbohydrate transport and metabolism, etc.ConclusionsThis study provided a general understanding of the diversity characteristics of intestinal microbial communities of P. canaliculata, and indicated that developmental stage and gender could both influence the intestinal microbes of P. canaliculata. Further study may focus on the interaction between the gut microbiota and their host.
Highlights
Pomacea is freshwater gastropods native to South America [1]
To better understand the bacterial community in the gut of this invasive snail and provide insight into their adaptive strategies in the environments, we investigated the differences related to developmental stages and gender in the gut microbiota of P. canaliculata by high-throughput sequencing in this study
By comparing the Operational taxonomic unit (OTU) with SILVA 132 database for species annotation, 2098 OTUs were annotated to 30 bacterial phyla, 69 classes, 197 orders, 352 families, 715 genera and 1173 species
Summary
Several Pomacea species such as Pomacea canaliculata, P. maculata have been introduced and become severe invasive pests in many parts of the world including Asian countries, North America, islands of the Pacific, and Europe [2, 3]. P. canaliculata is listed as “100 world’ s worst invasive alien species” by the International Union for Conservative of Nature and the Invasive Species Specialist Group [4]. P. canaliculata is a vector of a parasitic nematode Angiostrongylus cantonensis, which causes eosinophilic meningitis in humans [7]. The apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata, is one of the world’s 100 worst invasive alien species and vector of some pathogens relevant to human health
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