Composition and Acaricidal Activity of Laurus novocanariensis and Laurus nobilis Essential Oils Against Psoroptes cuniculi

Fabio Macchioni,Stefania Perrucci,Pierluigi Cioni,Ivano Morelli,Paula Castilho,Francesca Cecchi

doi:10.1080/10412905.2006.9699403

Fabio Macchioni, Stefania Perrucci + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2006.9699403

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Abstract

The major components of Laurus nobilis and L. novocanariensis leaf oils were identified and their acaricidal activity against Psoroptes cuniculi evaluated. Monoterpenes were predominant in L. nobilis oil (91.8%), while sesquiterpenes were only 1.4%. The main components of this oil were 1,8-cineole (39.2%), α-terpinyl acetate (11.3%), sabinene (10.6%) and linalool (7.4%). The acaricidal activity of L. nobilis oil, at a concentration of 10%, led to a mortality rate of 73%; at 5% the average activity was significantly reduced to 51%, while dilutions of 2.5%, 1.25% and 0.625% were ineffective. Laurus novocanariensis oil, compared to L. nobilis, was richer in sesquiterpenes; the main constituents were α-pinene (10.4%), 1,8-cineole (9.6%) and β-selinene (7.2%). After 24 h of contact, the oil of L. novocanariensis killed all the mites when used at 10% and 5% concentrations. At lower concentrations the mortality significantly decreased; a dilution of 0.625% was ineffective.

Highlights

The biological activity of essential oils against several organisms has been confirmed in many reports, mainly associated with primary components mono- and sesquiterpenoids [1,2].The acaricidal activity of many essential oils has been previously reported: Charmil gel containing essences of Cedrus deodara Loud. (Pinaceae) and Pangamia glabra Vent. (Fabaceae) was used against Sarcoptes scabiei (L.) (Sarcoptidae) in dogs [3] and pigs [4]
A phyto-aromatic gel (Canidor) composed of more than 15 oils from plants was used against the rabbit mite Psoroptes cuniculi (Delafond) (Psoroptidae) [5]; linalool and the oils from Lavandula angustifolia Mill. (Lamiaceae) and Artemisia verlotorum Lamotte (Asteraceae) were evaluated against P. cuniculi in rabbits [6,7]
The aim of the present study is the identification of the major components of L. nobilis and L. novocanariensis leaf

Summary

Introduction

The biological activity of essential oils against several organisms has been confirmed in many reports, mainly associated with primary components mono- and sesquiterpenoids [1,2].The acaricidal activity of many essential oils has been previously reported: Charmil gel containing essences of Cedrus deodara Loud. (Pinaceae) and Pangamia glabra Vent. (Fabaceae) was used against Sarcoptes scabiei (L.) (Sarcoptidae) in dogs [3] and pigs [4]. Laurus novocanariensis oil, compared to L. nobilis, was richer in sesquiterpenes; the main constituents were α-pinene (10.4%), 1,8-cineole (9.6%) and β-selinene (7.2%). After 24 h of contact, the oil of L. novocanariensis killed all the mites when used at 10% and 5% concentrations.

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