Abstract
We consider Fraternal Twin Higgs models where the twin bottom quark, $b'$, is much heavier than the twin confinement scale. In this limit aspects of quark bound states, like the mass and binding energy, can be accurately calculated. We show that in this regime, dark matter can be primarily made of twin baryons containing $b' b' b'$ or, when twin hypercharge is gauged, twin atoms, composed of a baryon bound to a twin $\tau'$ lepton. We find that there are significant regions of parameter space which are allowed by current constraints but within the realm of detection in the near future. The case with twin atoms can alleviate the tension between dark matter properties inferred from dwarf galaxies and clusters.
Highlights
One of the most compelling motivations to search for new particles and interactions beyond the standard model (SM) is the so-called dark matter (DM) that makes up 80% of the matter density of the Universe
This fraternal construction has been previously explored as an interesting candidate for asymmetric dark matter (ADM) [48], but only in the regime where the b0 mass is comparable or smaller than ΛQCD0
There we comment on a possible resolution of the tension between dark matter self-interaction cross sections inferred from dwarf galaxies and the bullet cluster [54,55]
Summary
One of the most compelling motivations to search for new particles and interactions beyond the standard model (SM) is the so-called dark matter (DM) that makes up 80% of the matter density of the Universe. If the ratio f=v is taken to be too large the twin topquark mass mt0 becomes much heavier than the SM top quark, signaling a fine-tuning; for instance if mt0 1⁄4 1 TeV the theory is tuned to about 10% [19] This mirror twin Higgs construction includes many new light states in the hidden sector. If the twin coupling is smaller than the SM value at the cutoff, confinement scales of a few hundred MeV can result while preserving naturalness This fraternal construction has been previously explored as an interesting candidate for ADM [48], but only in the regime where the b0 mass is comparable or smaller than ΛQCD0 .2. In the mb0 ≪ ΛQCD0 limit it is easy to estimate the mass of the stable baryon composed of twin bottom quarks leading to a robust analysis of the proposed dark sector, with or without gauging twin hypercharge. There we comment on a possible resolution of the tension between dark matter self-interaction cross sections inferred from dwarf galaxies and the bullet cluster [54,55]
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