Abstract
Experimental results show that the viscosity of elastomer-filler systems cannot be explained as a simple equation depending only on filler loading, such as in the Einstein or the Guth—Simha—Gold models. The viscosity of elastomer-filler systems also depends on the temperature at which it is measured and the glass transition temperature,Tg, of the basic polymer. This finding seems to suggest two facts: (a) polymer melts are not simple Newtonian fluids but relaxational liquids in which the values of rheological data depend on the experimental observation time (or measured frequency) and temperature, (b) composite materials of elastomer-filler systems, will have the sameTg as the basic polymer if the fillers do not change the main-chain structure of the basic polymer. Therefore, one can conclude that the presence of filler broadens the relaxation spectrum but does not changeTg, and atTg the basic polymer and the composite materials will have the same viscosity. A new model for the viscosity of elastomer-filler systems is developed from the concept of molecular structural relaxation and glass transition temperature of polymers.
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