Composite Motor Cases for Tactical Missile Propulsion Systems

Abstract

*† Historically, most rocket motor cases for tactical propulsion systems have been constructed of high strength metallic alloys. However, the favorable response of composite cases to insensitive munitions (IM) stimuli (e.g., fast and slow heating, bullet and fragment impact) has generated increased interest in the use of this technology in new, tactical-class rocket motor designs. Most conventional systems employing steel motor cases produce unacceptably violent responses to the IM stimuli. Consequently, the United States Department of Defense and other national defense ministries have pursued the implementation of advanced case designs. Recent research indicates that the use of composite motor case materials in conjunction with reduced-sensitivity solid propellant compositions helps to produce more acceptable reactions to unplanned stimuli for some systems. A survey of recent tactical missile propulsion system designs using graphitecomposite motor cases is discussed, along with data demonstrating improved IM response. The maturity of composite case technology and innovative means of overcoming historically plaguing technical challenges (e.g., fatigue, damage assessment, aeroheating, moisture intrusion) are also briefly discussed.