Abstract
In the medicine of many countries, the use of herbal healing agents included a significant contribution to improving human health and well-being. Many antibiotics have been widely used to treat infectious diseases caused by various pathogenic bacteria. However, increased multidrug resistance has led to increased severity of diseases caused by bacterial pathogens. Bacteria remain the main causative agents of diseases that cause human death, even in the present day. This cause prompted scientists to investigate alternative new molecules against bacterial strains. The significant interest for the study is Portulaca oleracea L. (family Portulacaceae), a widespread annual plant used in folk medicine. Thus, the production and study of CO2 extract of Portulaca oleracea is an actual problem. Methods. Raw materials were collected from Almaty and Zhambyl regions (Southeast and South Kazakhstan) in phase flowering. Portulaca oleracea herb's CO2 extract was obtained by subcritical carbon dioxide extraction (installation of carbon dioxide flow-through extraction- 5L). The Wiley 7th edition and NIST'02 library were used to identify the mass spectra obtained. The antimicrobial activity study was conducted by the micromethod of serial dilution and disco-diffuse method. Standard test strains of microorganisms were used: Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538-P, Candida albicans ATCC 10231, and Escherichia coli ATCC 8739. Results. The use of carbon dioxide extraction (further CO2 extract) is a promising direction of obtaining total medicinal substances containing biologically active substances, from fractions of volatile esters of various composition and functional purpose until a fraction of fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins. In the current study, we obtained CO2 extract at subcritical conditions from aboveground organs of Portulaca oleracea and investigated the component composition for the first time. From 41 to 66 components were identified in the composition of Portulaca oleracea‘s CO2 extract. Studies of antimicrobial activity showed that CO2 extract of Portulaca oleracea had the expressed effect against clinically significant microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans. Conclusions. This study showed that CO2 extract of Portulaca oleracea's raw material contained biological active compounds exhibiting a significant antimicrobial effect.
Highlights
Plants from ancient times are a natural source of biologically active substances [1]
Sample Collection. e raw materials of Portulaca oleracea are collected in the flowering phase in 2-3 decades of August 2018-2019 in the foothill zone of Trans Ili Alatau (Almaty region, Southeast Kazakhstan) and in the floodplain of Talas River (Zhambyl region, South Kazakhstan). e raw material was harvested in dry weather. e drying of raw materials was carried out in a well-ventilated room at a temperature of +25 ± 5°C. e moisture content of the raw material should not exceed 10–12%
Samples with bacteria were incubated at 36 ± 1°C for 24 hours and with Candida albicans were incubated at 22 ± 1°C for 48 hours. e results were taken into account by measuring growth suppression zones around the disks
Summary
Plants from ancient times are a natural source of biologically active substances [1]. E use of carbon dioxide extraction is a promising direction for the production of total medicinal substances containing biologically active compounds, starting from volatile esters, fractions of various compositions, and functional purposes, ending with the fatty acids and fatsoluble vitamins fraction [18]. In this regard, the production and investigation of Portulaca oleracea’s CO2 extract is an urgent problem. We obtained the CO2 extract in the subcritical conditions from aboveground organs of Portulaca oleracea and studied the component composition and established the antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria for the first time
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