Complications Post Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy: Literature Review Study

Abstract

Since its introduction in 1980, Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) has completely changed how urolithiasis is treated. A recognised, secure and efficient therapeutic alternative to surgical urolithiasis treatment is Electroshock Wave Therapy (ESWL). A tiny percentage of individuals do experience ESWL complications and when they do, the kidney is frequently involved. The important literature on extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (SWL) treatment and complications was examined and reviewed in order to pinpoint potential issues following SWL. The development and transit of fragments, infections, effects on renal and non-renal tissues and impacts on kidney function are the main causes of complications after SWL. Each of these risks can be avoided by taking the proper precautions, such as adhering to the contraindications, identifying and treating concurrent disorders or infections and using the SWL in the safest and most effective manner possible while personalising the treatment for each patient. In conclusion, SWL is a successful and largely non-invasive method of treating kidney stones. There are various contraindications and potential consequences, just like with any other sort of therapy, though. The danger of the emergence of others might be significantly reduced by strict adherence to the first; however, this must be completely understood in order to put every preventive step at our disposal into action. Different studies mentioning different cases and statistics related to the complications post ESWL were considered and reviewed for this document.