Abstract
Presented is the survey of emergency in the sphere of sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population as per reported cases and data of the monitoring which has been carried out in 2010. Natural and anthropogenic disasters where such emergency is appeared or can appear are considered too. Natural catastrophes - earthquakes, volcanic explosions, overflow water, tsunami, dry spell and anthropogenic catastrophes - humanitarian, technogenic catastrophes, bioterroristic acts, accidents, related to operation with pathogen biological agents are examined in this review as the conditions preceding the emergency. Nosological entities for the infection diseases, which are most common in natural and anthropogenic catastrophes as well as conditions and factors predisposing to their activation, are identified. Shown is the data of adverse epidemiological situation caused by natural and anthropogenic catastrophes and the examples of use of the biological agents for terroristic aims.
Highlights
Presented is the survey of emergency in the sphere of sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population as per reported cases and data of the monitoring which has been carried out in 2010
Natural catastrophes - earthquakes, volcanic explosions, overflow water, tsunami, dry spell and anthropogenic catastrophes – humanitarian, technogenic catastrophes, bioterroristic acts, accidents, related to operation with pathogen biological agents are examined in this review as the conditions preceding the emergency
Nosological entities for the infection diseases, which are most common in natural and anthropogenic catastrophes as well as conditions and factors predisposing to their activation, are identified
Summary
Имеется также достаточное количество публикаций, касающихся эпидемических осложнений и возникновения ЧС вследствие антропогенных катастроф. Осложняющих эпидемиологическую обстановку в условиях гуманитарных кризисов и вооруженных конфликтов можно назвать практически любую природно-очаговую инфекционную болезнь, поскольку в первую очередь возникают предпосылки для активизации путей и факторов их передачи за счет полного или частичного прекращения профилактических мероприятий в природных очагах и среди населения [4, 6, 10, 20, 22]. Чрезвычайные ситуации, вызванные применением биологических агентов в террористических целях. Чрезвычайные ситуации в области санитарноэпидемиологического благополучия населения могут быть вызваны преднамеренным использованием патогенных биологических агентов, в том числе в террористических целях [1, 2, 17, 18, 19, 21]. Санитарно-эпидемиологические осложнения землетрясений, техногенных катастроф, социальных конфликтов и гуманитарных кризисов, применение биологических агентов в военных и террористических целях. Санитарно-эпидемиологические осложнения землетрясений Землетрясение Землетрясение Сочетание землетрясения, последующего наводнения и массового скопления людей (фестиваль) Землетрясение Землетрясение
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