Complications in the Cosmetic Dermatology Patient

Abstract

Over recent decades, the options available to patients for cosmetic rejuvenation have expanded dramatically. The range of options commonly available to patients now includes neuromodulators, fillers, sclerotherapy, chemical peels, lasers, lights and other energy devices, and liposculpture and continues to grow. Like all therapeutic interventions, these cosmetic dermatologic procedures are not without risk. Timely recognition of complications and intervention are paramount for optimal patient outcomes. Part 1 of this review focused on the common complications that may result from injectable cosmetic procedures. The second part will discuss the complications of chemical peels, lasers, light and energy devices, and fat removal/sculpture procedures. A MEDLINE search was performed on cosmetic dermatology complications from 1989 to 2015, and results are summarized. Practical considerations of these complications are also provided. Reports of complications after neuromodulator, injectable hyaluronic acid, calcium hydroxylapatite, poly-L-lactic acid, polymethylmethacrylate, sclerotherapy, fat transfer, liposuction, cryolipolysis, chemical peels, lasers, and light sources, such as Q-switched laser, intense pulsed light, and nonablative and ablative resurfacing lasers, were found. Review of the literature revealed multiple management options for potential complications of the multitude of cosmetic dermatology procedures now available to patients.