Complications des interruptions de grossesse de 12 à 16 SA : comparaison en fonction du terme et de la méthode utilisée

Abstract

ObjectiveAnalyze the complication rate of pregnancy termination between 12 and 16 weeks of gestation, depending on the method and the exact term. Material and methodsRetrospective study focuses on patients who were going through a pregnancy termination between January 2015 and December 2020 at the Necker Universitary hospital in Paris. Two methods were applied: surgical abortion or medical evacuation. We compared 4 groups of patients depending on methods and term (12-14 or 14-16 weeks of gestation). The main complications such as hemorrhage, infection, need for surgery were collected. Results414 patients were included. Blood loss and hemorrhage rate>500cc were higher for surgical abortion (3.5 vs 55% P<0.001), but the medical evacuation lead to an important rate of secondary aspiration for trophoblastic retention (14.7% vs 1.5% P<0.001). We didn’t observe any difference regarding the complication rate for medical evacuation depending on the term. However, in case of surgical abortion the increase of term from 12-14 to 14-16 weeks of gestation leads to a tiny increment of the transfusion rate (0.6% vs 4.4% P=0.04), even if the hemorrhage rate >500cc didn’t significantly differ (50,3 vs 57,9% P=0,2). ConclusionSurgical abortion between 12 and 16 weeks of gestation exposed the patients to an increased hemorrhagic risk, while the medical evacuation required more secondary aspiration for trophoblastic retention. The term of the abortion didn’t affect the complication rate, beside a tiny increase in transfusion rate for surgical abortion.