Abstract
to identify the scientific evidence about the clinical complications and manifestations of congenital syphilis and aspects related to its prevention. integrative review after a search in the databases LILACS and MEDLINE, carried out in March 2018, using the descriptors "syphilis, congenital", "complications", and "signs and symptoms", leading to the selection of 27 researches. the publications found were published from 1966 to 2017, and most of them were from Latin America and Africa. Negative outcomes, laboratory changes, and the clinical manifestations in congenital syphilis, whether early or delayed, were, respectively: low weight at birth, anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, and dental alterations. The lack of treatment of the pregnant women in the prenatal was the most common occasion in which the opportunity to prevent the complications of congenital syphilis was lost. the scientific evidences analyzed showed serious complications of congenital syphilis that could be avoided if early opportunities of diagnosing and treating the pregnant women are not lost during the prenatal.
Highlights
Despite all attempts to eliminate congenital syphilis (CS) as a public health problem, estimates show that the disease affects a million pregnant women every year throughout the world
Data from the studies selected for analysis show a diversity of negative outcomes, laboratory and/or radiological alterations, and early and late CS manifestations
Publications from 1966 to 2017 were found, but the interval between the earlier publications was of approximately 10 years; from 2013 on, their frequency was higher, and their number increased
Summary
Despite all attempts to eliminate congenital syphilis (CS) as a public health problem, estimates show that the disease affects a million pregnant women every year throughout the world. When it is not adequately treated, it can cause more than 300 thousand fetal and neonate deaths, putting nearly 200 thousand children under the risk of an untimely death[1,2,3]. Brazil is a subscriber of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)(4), which include controlling CS and eliminating the avoidable deaths of newborns and children below 5 years old. In countries where the prevalence of CS is high, the eradication of such a public health problem would have a positive impact, helping to achieve these goals
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