Complexing ability of organic compounds and their influence on the human body (review)

Abstract

Introduction. Increased content of organic substances in natural waters, expanding the list of input substances to water bodies, owing to industrial and economic activities of a person, and climate changes is an urgent issue. Against this background, compounds with unknown chemical and toxic properties are likely to appear. The purpose of this study is to collect data concerning the ways for organic compounds entering water bodies and the human body, study data on interaction mechanisms of organic substances with metals, reveal the fate of known organic chelators, complexing agents as well as organometallic compound shaped by them inside the body. The literature search was carried out in Scopus, Web of Science, CyberLeninka databases. Sources of organic substances entering water bodies, properties of organic substances. There are three types of organic substances in water bodies, divided by the sources of their occurrence (inflow): terrigenous origin, shaped inside water bodies and coming from man-made sources. Organic compounds may produce soluble and insoluble compounds with metals and colloids. Mechanisms of interaction of organic substances with metals. Bonding of organic substances takes place by the type of chelation and complexation. There are factors for bonding: functional group content, the molecular mass of substances, ion radius, and competitive interaction with binding sites. Substances having binding properties include phenolic compounds, carboxylic acids, polysaccharides, and flavonoids. Considering that phenolic compounds are located in large quantities in plant and animal tissues, this group of compounds has been researched more thoroughly in terms of interactions with metals and toxicometry. Intake of organic and organometallic compounds into the body, their kinetics, metabolism and decay. Organic compounds, chelates, and complexes enter the body with drinking water, food, and drugs. They are also generated in the body, including by replacing ions. Data on biochemical and toxicological studies of currently known compounds is given