Abstract

Many space, astrophysical, technological and laboratory plasmas are multispecies. Using particle-in-cell (PIC) numerical simulations, the novel features of the wake structures behind finite-sized objects in multispecies collisionless plasma flows are studied. In electropositive plasmas, different ion species can form separate wakes with distinct ion focus regions, and give rise to polarization of the plasma. In electronegative plasmas, with a large fraction of heavy negative ions, the polarization can be stronger due to substantial ion density reduction in the wake.

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