Complex protein supplements delay early cleavage events in mouse embryos: an effect that is exacerbated by culture in atmospheric oxygen

Abstract

Evidence suggests protein supplements improve IVF outcomes; however they are known to have significant lot-to-lot variation. We have found variable concentrations of ions, amino acids and metals in these supplements. Whereas Irvine SSS contains many amino acids it is similar to Sage SPS and IVFOnline LGPS which contain iron, aluminum, and vanadium. The aim of this study was to determine developmental kinetics of mouse embryos cultured with simple and complex protein supplements under both 5% and 20% O2.