Abstract
Aspects relevant to immune T-cell differentiation and fate determination have been examined and discussed in the context of transcription factors, initiating cytokines in association with cognate antigen activation. It appears that the differentiation optional program, in light of recent results related to genetic as well as epigenetic mechanisms, is not predetermined and irreversibly fixed; rather, there is some degree of flexibility allowing the manipulation of remodeling the already differentiated effector cell subsets/lineages. From the progress obtained it will be possible, in the near future, to tailor and obtain various well-defined and efficient immune effector cell subsets/cell lineages for translational applications in autoimmunity, infectious diseases, graft rejection as well as cancer in safe conditions.
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