Abstract
The development of the geophysical high pressure research in the former German Democratic Republic (GDR) is described here. The GDR was a German state established in 1949 at the territory of the Soviet occupation zone. The different experimental investigations under extreme pressure and temperature conditions and their industrial applications, including the pilot manufacture of synthetic diamonds are explained. A review of the research topics pursued including experiments on lunar material and Earth core/mantle material is described.
Highlights
High pressures and high temperatures are two of the most important physical parameters in characterizing the physics of materials
In the mid-1970s when the author began working at the Zentralinstitut für Physik der Erde (ZIPE), scientists could only read international journals at the institute’s library
GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam—were, for the ZIPE scientific staff, the first time to be involved in the worldwide science community
Summary
High pressures and high temperatures are two of the most important physical parameters in characterizing the physics of materials. GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam—were, for the ZIPE scientific staff, the first time to be involved in the worldwide science community It was one of the peculiarities of scientific research in the German Democratic Republic (GDR) that the main part of high pressure research was conducted in the field of geosciences. The original theoretical and experimental investigations on the behaviour of the Earth’s magnetic field and its geological development over time were very soon followed by the first rock-physical investigations under higher pressure and temperature conditions. There too, under the influence of Stiller and against the background of theoretical investigations, a high-pressure group with a geophysical orientation similar to that in Potsdam was formed, i.e., mainly at conditions of the lower crust and upper mantle. 3 of of led to the the experimental activities at Potsdam (see Figures 1–4)
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