Abstract
Background: Most researchers point to a decrease in immunity indicators in patients with gastric cancer. At the same time, there are ambiguous interactions between tumor growth and the functioning of the immune system. Identifying gastric cancer patients at an early and curable stage of the disease is essential if the mortality rates for this disease are to decrease. The only way to prevent the development of gastric cancer is the potential reversibility of precancerous changes in the gastric mucosa. The early diagnosis of chronic atrophic gastritis is a preventive measure and it should be carried out in both the presence and absence of the symptoms of dyspepsia. Methods: A total of 299 blood samples were collected, inclusive of 98 gastric cancer patients, 104 healthy controls, and 97 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis. An evaluation of spontaneous and induced chemiluminescence (CL) was carried out for 90 minutes using a 36-channel biochemiluminometer "BLM — 3607" (Russia), and an Olympus fluorescence microscope was used for cell counting. Interpretation & conclusions: Our study showed the significance of the parameters, specifically the maximum intensity of spontaneous (Ispont) and induced chemiluminescence (Iindus) of the neutrophils and monocytes, the indices of granulocytic and monocytic phagocytosis, malondialdehyde (MDA), and the ratio of the activity of the enzyme superoxide dismutase to glutathione/CAT ratio superoxide dismutase to glutathione peroxidase (SOD/GPO) in the diagnosis of early gastric cancer. Using the threshold values of the proposed criteria in the screening of the adult population, it is possible to form a group that is at a high risk of developing early gastric cancer and to achieve a decrease in the mortality and disability rates in the population of Siberia. This is as well as allowing for the choosing of a more personalized therapy for the patients at a high risk of developing early gastric cancer.
Highlights
Gastric cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm of this organ 1,2
Interpretation & conclusions: Our study showed the significance of the parameters, the maximum intensity of spontaneous (Ispont) and induced chemiluminescence (Iindus) of the neutrophils and monocytes, the indices of granulocytic and monocytic phagocytosis, malondialdehyde (MDA), and the ratio of the activity of the enzyme superoxide dismutase to glutathione / CAT ratio superoxide dismutase to glutathione peroxidase (SOD / GPO) in the diagnosis of early gastric cancer
It was found that all patients with early gastric cancer over the age of 45 had complaints of pain in the epigastric region and/or dyspepsia, and a history of stomach diseases such as chronic atrophic gastritis, gastric ulcer, stomach polyps, etc. (p < 0.05) The serological diagnostics of patients with early gastric cancer revealed contamination with Helicobacter pylori bacteria in 100% of cases (p < 0.05), a decrease in the PGI level of less than 25 μg/l, and a PGI/PGII ratio of less than three in most cases (p < 0.05)
Summary
Gastric cancer (stomach cancer) is the most common malignant neoplasm of this organ 1,2. Metastases occur in 80 — 90% of patients with gastric cancer 7, and the six-month survival rate is present in 65% of cases where there is the early diagnosis of the disease and less than 15% in the later stages of the process. The screening test should be highly effective while being safe and convenient for patients 17 In this regard, the purpose of our work was to evaluate the clinical-anamnestic, serological, immunological, and biochemical tests used for the early diagnosis of gastric cancer associated with Helicobacter pylori in-. Using the threshold values of the proposed criteria in the screening of the adult population, it is possible to form a group that is at a high risk of developing early gastric cancer and to achieve a decrease in the mortality and disability rates in the population of Siberia.
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