Completeness and Satisfaction with the Education and Information Received by Patients Immediately after Kidney Transplant: A Mixed-Models Study

Abstract

Self-management is important in ensuring good clinical results in kidney transplant recipients. It was unclear whether the current education program at a single kidney transplant center sufficiently prepares recent transplant recipients for the many complex self-management tasks required. To evaluate the completeness of and the satisfaction with the current inpatient kidney transplant education program and to determine recipients' needs for information in the first months after discharge. We used a concurrent mixed-methods design, including 31 kidney transplant recipients who were assessed via a semistructured interview (qualitative part) and a questionnaire specifically designed for this study, consisting of 30 Likert-type and open-ended questions (quantitative part). Kidney transplant patients reported having received extensive information about medication use after transplant surgery (antirejection medication, 93.5%). Information about healthy lifestyle (physical activity and rehabilitation, 54.8%), return to work (54.8%), and emotional coping (25.8%) was considered suboptimal, although most patients expressed a need for such information. Patients indicated a need for more concrete and practical information, not only during their hospital stay, but also in the long term after transplant. This is the first mixed-models approach showing that our education program immediately after transplant focuses on the transfer of factual knowledge, which seems to insufficiently train patients in developing self-management skills. Updates of our program are warranted to overcome the gaps in the information provided, to provide more practical tips, and to repeat education in the long-term after the transplant surgery, tailored to the patients' needs.