Abstract

Clinical Practice Points Relapsed and refractory T-cell lymphomas represent a great challenge for clinicians because of their scarce tendency to show a response to further conventional treatments: in particular, for systemic anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) treatment outcomes remain unknown and their potential benefits are still difficult assess. The conventional therapy in relapsed/refractory ALCL is poorly defined and no standard of care exists in this setting. It is difficult to obtain complete remissions using single-agent therapy. The wide expression of the CD30 antigen in ALCL cells makes this molecule a suitable target for monoclonal antibodies. In a phase II trial, the anti-CD30 monoclonal immunoconjugated brentuximab vedotin has shown an impressive effect in patients with relapsed ALKnegative ALCL, with high overall and complete response rates. Brentuximab vedotin is now approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of patients with relapsed ALCL, and now represents a valid treatment strategy for heavily pretreated patients.

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