Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is the causal agent of a serious disease of swine. Here, we report the genome sequence of PRRSV strain HB-XL isolated from a pig farm with a clinical outbreak of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome. The genome is 15,323 bp long and has nine open reading frames (GenBank: KP162169). Comparative and phylogenetic analysis showed that HB-XL belongs to the highly pathogenic PRRSV (HP-PRRSV) subfamily in the family PRRSV. The viral nonstructural protein 2 (Nsp2) of the HB-XL strain contained 30 discontinuous amino acid (AA) deletions relative to that of the Nsp2 of the VR2332 strain. The AA substitutions R13 and R151 suggested high virulence of the HB-XL strain. The unique mutations in glycoprotein 5 (GP5) and Nsp2 revealed that HB-XL might be a novel variant PRRSV strain recombined with vaccine strains. However, the low morbidity and mortality in the pig herd from which HB-XL was isolated indicate that the virulence of the virus was weak, so it has potential as a future vaccine strain.
Highlights
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is the causative pathogen of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS)
The sequence analysis showed that the full-length genomic sequence of HB-XL was 15,323 nucleotides in length, excluding the polyadenylated sequences, and included the following untranslated region (UTR): 5'-UTR(1–188), 3'-UTR(15171–15320)
Type-2 PRRSV strains ranged from 86.6% to 100%. These results indicated that the HB-XL strain is highly similar to a group of highly pathogenic (HP) strains of PRRSV previously isolated in China
Summary
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is the causative pathogen of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS). PRRS has two major clinical manifestations: reproductive failure in sows including late-term abortions, increased chances of stillborns, mummified and weak-born pigs, and respiratory disease such as interstitial pneumonia in all ages of pigs [1]. Though it was first reported in the United States in 1987 and later in Europe [2,3], gradually, hog-rearing Asian nations were impacted as well. In 2006, an emerging highly pathogenic strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), which causes continuous high fever and a high proportion of deaths in vaccinated pigs of all ages, broke out in mainland China and spread rapidly to neighboring countries, causing enormous economic losses [4,5,6]. It is of great scientific significance to explore the molecular pathogenesis of highly pathogenic PRRSV (HP-PRRSV) emerging in China
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