Abstract
We previously described the discovery of two Escherichia coli isolates (EC1002 and EC2474) co-harbouring mcr-1 and blaNDM-1 genes, which were recovered from bloodstream infection in China. More importantly, these antibiotic resistance genes were located on different plasmids and signaling the potential spread of pandrug-resistant bacteria. Here, the complete genome sequences of both isolates were determined using Pacbio RS II and Illumina HiSeq2000 systems. The genome of EC1002 consists of a 5,177,501 base pair chromosome and four circular plasmids, while the genome of EC2474 consists of a 5,013,813 base pair chromosome and three plasmids. The plasmid replicon type of pEC1002_NDM and pEC2474_NDM were identified as IncA/C2 and IncF, respectively. The genetic environment of blaNDM-1 in this study was similar to blaNDM-carrying plasmids detected in China, although the overall nucleotide identity and query coverage were variable. The plasmid replicon type of pEC1002_MCR and pEC2474_MCR were identified as IncI2 and IncHI2, respectively. Two different genetic strategies for mcr-1 gene spread were observed in this study and blaNDM-1 genes were also found transferred by two different mobile genetic elements in two plasmids. The findings of this study further support that the diversified transfer mechanisms of blaNDM-1 and mcr-1 present in Enterobacteriaceae.
Highlights
Concerns were raised regarding the increasing prevalence of the first plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene, mcr-1, which was identified in animal and human food sources in China[5]
We have reported the isolation of two Escherichia coli strains from bloodstream infections (BSI), which harbor the blaNDM-1, mcr-1, and blaCTX-M genes[13]
It was determined that the genome of EC1002 consists of a 5,177,501 base pair chromosome with an average 50.1% GC content and four circular plasmids, while EC2474 consists of a 5,013,813 base pair chromosome with an average 50.6% GC content and three plasmids
Summary
Concerns were raised regarding the increasing prevalence of the first plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene, mcr-1, which was identified in animal and human food sources in China[5]. This transmissible gene has been detected in many countries[6,7,8,9,10,11,12]. We have reported the isolation of two Escherichia coli strains from BSI, which harbor the blaNDM-1, mcr-1, and blaCTX-M genes[13]. These antibiotic resistance genes were located on different plasmids and signaling the potential spread of pan-drug-resistant bacteria. Comparative analyses of the genetic contexts of mcr-1 and blaNDM-1 with closely related plasmids were performed
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