Abstract
Leptotrichia buccalis (Robin 1853) Trevisan 1879 is the type species of the genus, and is of phylogenetic interest because of its isolated location in the sparsely populated and neither taxonomically nor genomically adequately accessed family 'Leptotrichiaceae' within the phylum 'Fusobacteria'. Species of Leptotrichia are large, fusiform, non-motile, non-sporulating rods, which often populate the human oral flora. L. buccalis is anaerobic to aerotolerant, and saccharolytic. Here we describe the features of this organism, together with the complete genome sequence and annotation. This is the first complete genome sequence of the order 'Fusobacteriales' and no more than the second sequence from the phylum 'Fusobacteria'. The 2,465,610 bp long single replicon genome with its 2306 protein-coding and 61 RNA genes is a part of the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea project.
Highlights
Strain C-1013-bT (= DSM 1135 = ATCC 14201 = JCM 12969) is the type strain of Leptotrichia buccalis [1], which is the type species of the genus first adequately described in 1879 by Trevisan to accommodate the oral filamentous bacteria and to separate them from the algae [2,3]
The sequences of the five 16S rRNA gene copies in the genome of strain C-1013-bT differ from each other by 5 to 20 nucleotides, and by 4 to 16 nucleotides plus 38 ambiguities from the previously published 16S rRNA sequence generated from NCTC 10429 (X90831)
Evidence codes - IDA: Inferred from Direct Assay; TAS: Traceable Author Statement; NAS: Non-traceable Author Statement. These evidence codes are from the Gene Ontology project [12]
Summary
Almost all of the cultivated Leptotrichia isolates cluster in 16S rRNA sequence comparisons with one of the five other type strains of the genus Leptotrichia [11] (Figure 1). No phylotypes from environmental screening or genomic surveys could be linked with more than 85% 16S rRNA sequence similarity to L. buccalis (status May 2009). 1 shows the phylogenetic neighborhood of L. buccalis strain C-1013-bT in a 16S rRNA based tree.
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