Abstract
Actinobacillus equuli subsp. equuli is a member of the family Pasteurellaceae that is a common resident of the oral cavity and alimentary tract of healthy horses. At the same time, it can also cause a fatal septicemia in foals, commonly known as sleepy foal disease or joint ill disease. In addition, A. equuli subsp. equuli has recently been reported to act as a primary pathogen in breeding sows and piglets. To better understand how A. equuli subsp. equuli can cause disease, the genome of the type strain of A. equuli subsp. equuli, ATCC 19392T, was sequenced using the PacBio RSII sequencing system. Its genome is comprised of 2,431,533 bp and is predicted to encode 2,264 proteins and 82 RNAs.
Highlights
Actinobacillus equuli subsp. equuli, previously known as ‘Bacillus viscosum-equi’, or ‘Shigella equirulis’, is a common resident of the oral flora of healthy horses, as well as that of the alimentary and genital tracts [1,2]
A. equuli subsp. equuli is the etiological agent of sleepy foal disease, an acute form of fatal septicemia in neonatal foals that may progress to a chronic form, joint ill disease, producing lesions in the kidneys, joints, and lungs [5,6,7,8]
A. equuli subsp. equuli was previously proposed to act as a secondary pathogen in foals; a recent study by Layman and colleagues [13] has revealed that A. equuli subsp. equuli has the potential to act as a primary pathogen given favourable conditions
Summary
Actinobacillus equuli subsp. equuli, previously known as ‘Bacillus viscosum-equi’, or ‘Shigella equirulis’, is a common resident of the oral flora of healthy horses, as well as that of the alimentary and genital tracts [1,2]. This strain was isolated from foal blood and deposited in the American Type Culture Collection by the Equine Research Station (New Market, UK) in 1953 [17]. Altitude aEvidence codes - TAS: Traceable Author Statement; NAS: Non-traceable Author Statement (i.e., not directly observed for the living, isolated sample, but based on a generally accepted property for the species, or anecdotal evidence) These evidence codes are from the Gene Ontology project [34]. Growth conditions and genomic DNA preparation A. equuli subsp. It is predicted to contain 2,264 genes, of which 2,182 code for proteins and 82 for RNA; 11 pseudogenes are present (Table 3 and Figure 3). CRISPR repeats aThe total is based on either the size of the genome in base pairs or the total number of protein coding genes in the annotated genome. bAlso includes 11 pseudogenes and one other RNA gene that does not belong to rRNA or tRNA categories. cPseudogenes are not additive under total genes and may be counted as either protein coding or RNA genes
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