Abstract
Abstract Many authors have discussed the paradigm shift in economy from linear to circular. Population growth and climate change caused resource scarcity are the main driving forces of shifting to circularity approach. Although consumers have been slower regarding transitioning to more sustainable economy, production companies are the ones who have felt the scarcity of resources first. In this paper we are exploring cross-laminated timber (CLT) production residue utilization possibilities for new product production and using multi-criteria analysis calculating the most promising recycling alternative from the perspective of companies working with wood as raw material. Data matrix for multi-criteria analysis was constructed from literature analysis gathering data on five criteria: (1) production costs; (2) energy consumption; (3) CO2 emissions; (4) product market price and (5) final product to wood residues ratio. Multi-criteria analysis showed that production of mycelium insulation material is the most promising alternative for CLT production residue recycling.
Highlights
Circularity principles in economy are gaining momentum with The Paris Agreement [1] and the European Green Deal [2]
In case of life cycle inventories of PB and medium density fiberboards (MDF) data were reflected using functional unit or one square meter, values were converted to tonne using material density
Based on the conducted Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) weights for criteria of wood residue, recycling was calculated and used in TOPSIS analysis to elucidate the best alternative from companies working with cross-laminated timber (CLT) perspective
Summary
Circularity principles in economy are gaining momentum with The Paris Agreement [1] and the European Green Deal [2]. United Nations in their 2011 report advocated that decoupling of economic growth from resource consumption along with the negative impact on environment is a key to sustainable future. Every region has its limits on how much natural resources can be extracted, all nations have the desire to grow and develop [3]. It comes down to consumers and production companies to make more sustainable choices and work on resource efficiency [4]. Bocken et al in her 2017 commentary published 9-year keyword analysis on major global companies’ press releases, showing the gradual appearance of words like ‘zero-waste’ and ‘resource efficiency’ [5]. Recent analysis on how small and medium enterprises (SME) participate in the circular economy elucidated eight approaches, with the main six:
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