Abstract
As an increasing number of companies are recognizing digitalization and sustainability to be important components of their overall business strategies, there is a growing need to evaluate the innovative outcomes of these two strategies. This study examines the dual effects of a digital orientation and a corporate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) orientation on firm innovation under firm resource constraints. The empirical results confirm the hypothesis that digitization and ESG practices promote corporate innovation. In addition, a combined effect of ESG and digitization strategies on innovation performance is confirmed, but this effect is substitutive for resource-constrained enterprises, such as those with high levels of financing constraints and small and medium-sized enterprises. The role in supporting or hindering the synergy between digitalization and ESG strategies in different regions and industry sectors may various. Enterprises should prudently implement a dual strategy encompassing both digitalization and ESG while fully considering the inherent interaction of the two to improve the level of strategic synergy.
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