Abstract
In this paper, we discuss the potential of integrating both semantically rich models from Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to build the detailed 3D historic model. BIM contributes to the creation of a digital representation having all physical and functional building characteristics in several dimensions, as e.g. XYZ (3D), time and non-architectural information that are necessary for construction and management of buildings. GIS has potential in handling and managing spatial data especially exploring spatial relationships and is widely used in urban modelling. However, when considering heritage modelling, the specificity of irregular historical components makes it problematic to create the enriched model according to its complex architectural elements obtained from point clouds. Therefore, some open issues limiting the historic building 3D modelling will be discussed in this paper: how to deal with the complex elements composing historic buildings in BIM and GIS environment, how to build the enriched historic model, and why to construct different levels of details? By solving these problems, conceptualization, documentation and analysis of enriched Historic Building Information Modelling are developed and compared to traditional 3D models aimed primarily for visualization.
Highlights
With the trend of information technology, 3D modelling has been dedicated to represent and visualize the object, and one of its modern applications is the heritage conservation
Point clouds obtained by laser scanning and imaging techniques are widely used in historic 3D modelling from the early visualization based models to the information enriched models (Remondino & Rizzi, 2010; De Luca, 2006)
Level Of Detail (LOD) is defined as Level Of Development (LODt) in Building Information Modelling (BIM) by the American Institute of Architects (AIA, 2013), which verifies the model information that is required at each stage of development of the project and decides whether to continue to be the stage or not
Summary
With the trend of information technology, 3D modelling has been dedicated to represent and visualize the object, and one of its modern applications is the heritage conservation. GIS modelling is rich in information because it is a computer-based tool to analyse and manage spatial, attribute, and relationship information among the elements. Both BIM and GIS represent opportunities for heritage digital modelling and conservation management. BIM is first used as a management of life-cycle construction process in architectural industry, which is suitable to parametrically model the historical building based on documentation data and record the temporal representation of heritage sites. “As-built” BIM utilize photogrammetry and laser scanning data to reconstruct the (historic) buildings based on reverse engineering It aims to rebuild accurately current historic geometric models and to generate semantically rich representation with additional spatial relationships and attribute information. The obtained model should possess different level of details that can be accessed by different user’s needs
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