Compilation of Developmental and Neoplastic Entities in Kidney with Histomorphology and Immunohistochemistry as an Eye Opener in Troubleshooting the Diagnostic Errors

Abstract

Introduction: Renal cell tumours are common neoplasms with varying incidence and mortality rates across the globe. There are many histological types forming not merely the basis of classification but being associated with unique immunological and molecular profiles governing the biological behaviour. Apart from these, there are separate spectrum of neoplasms restricted particularly to paediatric age group. The overall prognosis is conferred by an array of factors including the histological grade, stage, necrosis and lympho-vascular invasion. Case Reports: This discussion aims to outline the renal mass encountered in our setting with special reference to age group and the light microscopic picture. However, we encountered diagnostic dilemmas while dealing with the cases and these were further resolved employing relevant immunohistochemical markers. A particular mention of protocols for staging, grading and relevance of special stains has also been outlined. Conclusion: To conclude, 1 case each of chromophobic renal cell carcinoma and infiltrating urothelial carcinoma of pelvis in middle aged adults have been discussed. 2 cases in paediatric age group have been highlighted namely triphasic nephroblastoma and multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK).