Compilation of Characterization and Electrochemical Behavior from Novel Biomass as Porous Electrode Materials for Energy Storage Devices

Abstract

In this present study, functional carbon materials were synthesized by a carbonization method without any external activation from the waste biomass of seaweeds Sargassum Wightii (SW), Turbinaria Conoides (TC), and the dead plant leaves of Phyllanthus acidus (PAL) and Solanum Lycopersicum (SLL) for their energy storage devices. The prepared functional carbon material of SW-700/TC-700/PAL-1000/SLL-1000 were compared and characterized by the various techniques of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Raman spectroscopy (RAMAN), field emission scanning microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET). The synthesized functional carbon electrode materials of SW-700/TC-700/PAL-1000/SLL-1000 were also tested by cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD), electrochemical impedance analysis (EIS) and cycles stability studies in aqueous electrolyte (1M H2SO4) by using three-electrode configurations. The prepared functional carbon electrode material of SW-700 shows best capacitance of 354 F/g at 0.5 A/g and TC-700 indicates high capacitance of 416 F/g at 1 A/g. The PAL-1000 and SLL-1000 displays best capacitance of 347 and 345 F/g at 0.5 A/g respectively. From these results, the selected two seaweeds show superior capacitance even at a lower temperature of 700°C and two plant leaves show best capacitance at a higher temperature of 1000°C and act as non-toxic, sustainable and green carbon electrodes for supercapacitors.