Abstract
Research background: Despite long-term goals of the economic strategy of the Slovak Republic, the Slovak competitiveness on the third countries´ markets is relatively weak considering the long tradition in the export activities of the Czechoslovak companies in the past. In terms of the international trade orientation, we note that the method of the Slovak economic strategy is mainly the pro-export support and placement of the Slovak production on foreign markets. Given the openness of the Slovak economy, competitiveness within these markets is crucial and proves the relevance of the research. Slovak Strategy of the External Economic Relations defines two groups of the priority territories for the support and subsidizing of the Slovak exports. Purpose of the article: The paper assesses the results of the strategy supporting the Slovak companies on the third markets and an aim of the paper is to define the key indicators of the competitiveness of the Slovak Republic on the third markets of the prioritized territories. Methods: Authors use basic indicators (export volumes, market share, RCA) as well as export gap method. Findings & Value added: The study indicates only a very small progress in the catching-up process of the Slovak companies in case of export competitiveness in the preferential territories outside of the EU. A comprehensive comparison of the V4 countries was realized and recommendations for a new strategy were formulated.
Highlights
The performance of the Slovak Republic in the area of foreign trade has gone through several stages of development, characterized by a relatively high degree of volatility
The Slovak export is dominated by foreign TNCsexports to EU common market what is declared by 86.2 % share of the EU countries on the Slovak exports in 2009, slightly decelerating up to 84.3 % in 2019
To assess the territorial transformation of the Slovak export, we found no positive results
Summary
The performance of the Slovak Republic in the area of foreign trade has gone through several stages of development, characterized by a relatively high degree of volatility. If after the Second World War the share of Czechoslovakia's exports to the West was about 2/3 of all exports, in 1989 this share was close to about 10%. This was a clear manifestation of the loss of markets, and of the inability to produce competitive goods with the appropriate technical-utility properties and a favourable price. While in the years 1950–1990 world exports increased 58 times, exports of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (ČSR) increased only 20 times, from 0.8% to 15.6 billion. $. In 1938, the share of the ČSR in world trade was 2.0%, in 1950 yet 1.3% and in 1990 it fell to 0.44%. The average increase in exports was about 7% in the four mentioned decades, which was 3% less than the average increase in world trade
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