Abstract
The individual and competitive adsorption capacities of Pb 2+, Cu 2+ and Cd 2+ by nitric acid treated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were studied. The maximum sorption capacities calculated by applying the Langmuir equation to single ion adsorption isotherms were 97.08 mg/g for Pb 2+, 24.49 mg/g for Cu 2+ and 10.86 mg/g for Cd 2+ at an equilibrium concentration of 10 mg/l. The competitive adsorption studies showed that the affinity order of three metal ions adsorbed by CNTs is Pb 2+>Cu 2+>Cd 2+. The Langmuir adsorption model can represent experimental data of Pb 2+ and Cu 2+ well, but does not provide a good fit for Cd 2+ adsorption data. The effects of solution pH, ionic strength and CNT dosage on the competitive adsorption of Pb 2+, Cu 2+ and Cd 2+ ions were investigated. The comparison of CNTs with other adsorbents suggests that CNTs have great potential applications in environmental protection regardless of their higher cost at present.
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