Competition for polymers among heterotrophic bacteria, isolated from particles of the Equatorial Atlantic.

Abstract

Three heterotrophic bacterial strains, isolated from organic particles of the upper water column of the Equatorial Atlantic, taken during a cruise on the R/V METEOR (1997), were investigated concerning their physiological and phylogenetic properties using classic microbiological and modern molecular-biological methods. All isolates are gram-negative rods able to use polymers such as cellulose, chitin or starch as sole carbon source. The phylogeny of these isolates was investigated by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and 16S rDNA sequencing. The three isolated strains belong to the Cytophaga/Flavobacteria, gamma-Proteobacteria (Marinobacter sp.), and alpha-Proteobacteria (Sulfitobacter pontiacus). In order to study succession during growth on polymers naturally occurring in marine habitats, FISH was used as a new approach to detect cells from different phylogenetic clusters in the course of a single growth experiment. Mixed cultures consisting of the isolated strains in equal amounts were incubated with cellulose, chitin or starch. Isolate 4301-10/2, a member of the gamma-Proteobacteria, dominated in mixed cultures growing on cellulose, chitin, or starch after only 10 days, with 55, 60, and 95%, respectively, of cells hybridizing with 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI).