Competence-Oriented Technology of Young Sprint Athletes Training

Abstract

This research is triggered by the need to expand the educational content at children’s sport schools, applying a competence-based approach, and also by the lack of attempts to implement it in sprint athletes training. The research aims to explain, develop and test, within pilot searching efforts, the efficiency of competenceoriented technology for training 12–14-year-old sprinters. This technology is based on the theory of stage-by-stage creation of benchmark basis for activities. To solve the above tasks, we used the following research methods: comparative and systemic analysis of psychological and pedagogical, medical and biological literature; studying practical experience; observational methods (observation and selfobservation); psychological, pedagogical and sociological methods (polls, testing, expert estimates); experimental methods (a teaching experiment). The expert evaluation of competence-building efficiency was conducted with the qualimetric method. The structure and content of 5 sprint athlete competences were identified. A high level of competence-building was achieved with athletes in the experimental group. There, numeric indicators of general athletes’ capabilities – determining warm-up structure and content, performing motor development exercises correctly, maintaining a healthy lifestyle – were 85.1%, 86.2% and 89.5% respectively. The level of special competences – capability to perform motor actions according to rules of the sprint running technique, capability to psyche up for competitions – was slightly lower, reaching 71.9% and 73.3% respectively. Taking into account the relatively short period of competence-oriented training (3 months), we believe that the above performance indicators can be considered positive.