Compatibility of tomato cultivar Santa Cruz Kada grafted on different Solanaceae species and control of bacterial wilt

André R Zeist,Gentil F Da Silva Neto,Keilor Da R Dorneles,Ricardo A Zeist,Juliano Tv De Resende,Clevison L Giacobbo

doi:10.1590/s0102-053620180315

Abstract

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the compatibility, gas exchange and yield of tomato cultivar Santa Cruz Kada, susceptible to bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) when grafted on different Solanaceae species. Rootstock sources were the mini-tomato RVTC-66, Cayenne pepper, Jerusalem cherry (Solanum pseudocapsicum), sticky nightshade (Solanum sisymbriifolium), and cultivar Santa Cruz Kada itself (self-grafting). Two materials were tested to promote the union between rootstocks and scions: grafting clips and biodegradable tape (Parafilm). Grafting success index (GSI) was evaluated and, for treatments using biodegradable tape, grafting incompatibility, gas exchange, agronomic characteristics and bacterial wilt epidemiology were assessed throughout the cycle. The use of biodegradable tape favored graft healing. Cayenne pepper, Jerusalem cherry, and sticky nightshade should not be employed as rootstocks for scions of tomato cultivar Santa Cruz Kada. The mini-tomato accession RVTC-66 showed low graft incompatibility, high photosynthetic efficiency and, when compared to self-grafting, the same fruit production, but with higher plant health index concerning the bacterial wilt.

Highlights

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a compatibilidade, trocas gasosas e produtividade do tomateiro Santa Cruz Kada, suscetível à murcha bacteriana (Ralstonia solanacearum), enxertado em diferentes solanáceas
It is possible to employ resistant rootstocks belonging to another genotype of L. solanum or from some other Solanaceae species to control the bacterial wilt in tomato (Lopes et al, 2015)
In non-woody plants, little is known about the rootstock influence over the physiological behavior of the scion (Martínez-Ballesta et al, 2010), as it is the case for several Solanaceae species

Summary

Introduction

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a compatibilidade, trocas gasosas e produtividade do tomateiro Santa Cruz Kada, suscetível à murcha bacteriana (Ralstonia solanacearum), enxertado em diferentes solanáceas. Foram utilizados como porta-enxertos o acesso de minitomate RVTC-66, a pimenta cultivar Cayenne, a peloteira (Solanum pseudocapsicum), o juá (Solanum sisymbriifolium) e o próprio tomateiro cultivar Santa Cruz Kada (autoenxertia). Grafting is an alternative to control bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, the main limitation to tomato production (Lopes et al, 2015). In this case, it has the additional advantage of not demanding drastic changes in crop management. The limited availability of resistant rootstocks to bacterial wilt and excellent compatibility with tomato susceptible cultivars is the primary obstacle to the use of grafting in tomato (Peil, 2003; Farias et al, 2013). In non-woody plants, little is known about the rootstock influence over the physiological behavior of the scion (Martínez-Ballesta et al, 2010), as it is the case for several Solanaceae species

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