Abstract
Cellulose insulation is essential for the operation of power transformers. Paper and board are commonly used in these machines due to their good dielectric, thermal, and mechanical properties. Cellulose is impregnated with the dielectric liquid of the transformer, which affects the properties of the solid. During the operation of the transformer, heat is produced, and the insulation system is degraded. In this chapter, the differences between accelerated thermal aging processes and their effect on the degradation processes are exposed. The changes in the physical-chemical, mechanical, and dielectric properties during the aging of both liquid and solid insulation are explained. Finally, different kinematic models for estimating the loss of life of the transformer are defined. The results obtained by most of the authors affirm that the esters are not only compatible with cellulosic materials, but they also protect the cellulose, reducing its aging rate in comparison with traditional oil.
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