Comparisons of Visceral Adiposity Index, Body Shape Index, Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference and Their Associations with Diabetes Mellitus in Adults.

Wei Wei,Shi Shi,Xue Xue,Liu Liu,Wang Wang

doi:10.3390/nu11071580

Abstract

The associations between visceral adiposity index (VAI), body shape index and diabetes in adults were inconsistent. We assessed the predictive capacity of VAI and body shape index for diabetes by comparing them with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). We used the data of 5838 Chinese men and women aged ≥18 years from the 2009 China Health and Nutrition Survey. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the independent associations between Chinese VAI (CVAI) or body shape index and diabetes. The predictive power of the two indices was assessed using the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and compared with those of BMI and WC. Both CVAI and body shape index were positively associated with diabetes. The odds ratios for diabetes were 4.9 (2.9–8.1) and 1.8 (1.2–2.8) in men, and 14.2 (5.3–38.2) and 2.0 (1.3–3.1) in women for the highest quartile of CVAI and body shape index, respectively. The area under the ROC (AUC) and Youden index for CVAI was the highest among all four obesity indicators, whereas BMI and WC are better indicators for diabetes screening. Higher CVAI and body shape index scores are independently associated with diabetes risk. CVAI has a higher overall diabetes diagnostic ability than BMI, WC and body shape index in Chinese adults. BMI and WC, however, are more appealing as screening indicators considering their easy use.

Highlights

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become a major worldwide public health burden in the past decade, especially in developing countries [1]
We aim to examine the associations between these two indicators and diabetes risk, and to investigate their performance in identifying diabetes compared with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in Chinese adults
A higher proportion of current smoking was found in women with higher Chinese VAI (CVAI), whereas the proportion decreased in men

Summary

Introduction

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become a major worldwide public health burden in the past decade, especially in developing countries [1]. The China national Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Study reported prevalence of diabetes was 9.7% among adults in 2010 [2,3]. This increased trend of DM is concurrent with rising rate of obesity in China, and excessive body fat has been proven to be a crucial pathogenic factor for insulin resistance [4]. Excessive body fat disposed in the ectopic tissue, such as visceral adiposity tissue (VAT), may cause dysfunctional adiposity and it plays a vicious role in metabolic diseases [5]. Knowing the ability to predict the visceral adiposity index for diabetes risk is greatly needed

Objectives

Methods

Results