Comparisons of experimental measurements and a theoretical model for specimen self-heating during fatigue of type 316 LN stainless steel

Abstract

The Type 316 stainless steel is being considered as a candidate target-container material for the spallation neutron source (SNS) being built at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Satisfactory behavior under fatigue loading is a requirement for the target container. Stress-controlled fatigue experiments were performed on the 316 stainless steel at 0.2 and 10 Hz with an R ratio of −1, where R=σ min./σ max.; σ min. and σ max. are the minimum and maximum applied stresses, respectively. At R=−1, a large specimen-temperature increase at 10 Hz was observed, which approached approximately 350 °C at a stress amplitude of 263 MPa, and affected fatigue lives. The specimen temperature at 0.2 Hz was about room temperature. The fatigue lives at 10 Hz were found to be shorter than those at 0.2 Hz. Different specimen temperatures were achieved by varying test frequencies. Significant differences in fatigue lives as a function of test frequency were observed with shorter fatigue lives at higher frequencies. The higher specimen temperature at 10 than at 0.2 Hz reduced the fatigue life at 10 Hz. A model based on the dissipation energy of the specimen during fatigue tests was developed to explain the fatigue-life result and predict the specimen-temperature evolution.