Abstract
This study evaluates the diurnal cycle of Land Surface Temperature (LST) from Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) reanalyses (ECMWF ERA5 and ERA Interim), as well as from infrared satellite estimates (ISCCP and SEVIRI/METEOSAT), with in situ measurements. Data covering a full seasonal cycle in 2010 are studied. Careful collocations and cloud filtering are applied. We first compare the reanalysis and satellite products at continental and regional scales, and then we concentrate on comparisons with the in situ observations, under a large variety of environments. SEVIRI shows better agreement with the in situ measurements than the other products, with bias often less than ±2K and correlation of 0.99. Over snow or arid surface, ISCCP tends to have more systematic errors than the other products. ERA5 agrees better to the in situ over barren land than ERA Interim, particularly at night time, thanks to the new surface model. However, over vegetated surfaces, both reanalyses tend to have higher/lower temperature at night/day time than the in situ measurements, probably related to the surface processes and its interactions with atmosphere in the NWP model.
Highlights
Land Surface Temperature (LST) plays a key role in the land surface energy budget
We propose an evaluation of recently available LST datasets that sample the LST diurnal cycle
The ERA5 data can be found at https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/cdsapp#!/dataset/reanalysis-era5-singlelevels?tab=overview, and here the ERA5 products have been downloaded gridded at 0.25◦ spatial resolution
Summary
Land Surface Temperature (LST) plays a key role in the land surface energy budget. It is the radiative skin temperature and shows large spatial variabilities due to strong surface heterogeneity. The EUMETSAT Land Satellite Applications Facility (Land SAF) produces LST estimates from Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) on board the geostationary satellite METEOSAT Second Generation, every 15 min with a spatial resolution of 3 km [13]. This covers the continents of Europe, Africa, a part of south America and of Asia.
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