COMPARISONS AS EXPLICATION IMAGES OF SPACE IN N. S. GUMILYOV AND L. N. GUMILYOV'S WORK

Abstract

The scope of the research is represented by the spatial images expressed by means of comparisons-likenings in L. N. Gumilyov’s ethnographic discourse and N. S. Gumilyov’s poetry. The choice of subject is motivated by the common interests of the father and the son, their mutual love for actual and mental travel, for ancient history ofEurasia. The aim of the research is to define similarity and distinction in the use of comparisonslikenings with spatial semantics in L. N. Gumilyov's monographies and N. S. Gumilyov's poems, to present stylistic features of the ethnographer’s discourse. The following general scientific methods are used: observations; classifications; comparisons and the subsequent interpretation of the collected actual material; the communicatively-pragmatical approach to language of the text together with contextual and component-sememic analysis (in part). The article summarizes material on the nature of comparison, its modes of expression, its structure in the simple sentence. The likening-comparison is represented as a leading constant of the functionalsemantic field of comparativity. Several types of comparative images of space have been singled out both in L. N. Gumilyov’s ethnographic discourse and N. S. Gumilyov’s poetry; their similarities and differences have been described. The peculiarities of the individual style of the ethnographer in his use of metaphorical combinations are revealed. Types of comparisons in relation to the reader's perception, connected with the effect of recognition, novelty, unexpectedness are defined, which makes it possible to reveal the connection of scientific narrative with art. The article adds to the understanding of L. N. Gumilyov’s language personality. Conclusions. The figurative comparison, reflecting the concept of space (and its parts) in L. N. Gumilyov's ethnographic works and N. S. Gumilyov's poetry, corresponds with the following three types of reader's perception: the effects of recognition / novelty / unexpectedness. This observation has revealed the certain features of the use of comparisons in the Gumilyovs’ language in their work. The article can be used at special courses and special seminars, devoted to functionalsemantic fields, general and art stylistics, communicative – pragmatical approach to the language of texts of different styles.