Comparison The Effects of Endurance and Resistance Exercise On Static and Dynamic Balance in Obese Adolescent Boys

Abstract

The pathological condition of obesity has an effect on quality of life. Larger body size, greater body mass index, abnormal body fat distribution, and the potential for neuromuscular disorders in obese children contribute to their body instability, resulting in poor static and dynamic stability. Poor body stability in obese adolescents can lead to a higher risk of falls and fractures. Daily physical activity and exercise are the main solutions to deal with balance problems in obese individuals. The exercise intervention that is often recommended for obese children and adolescents is endurance training, but the level of compliance is low because it takes a long time. Resistance training is an alternative that can be given but requires supervision to avoid the risk of injury. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of endurance and resistance training on static and dynamic balance in obese adolescent boys. This study was conducted from July 2020 to September 2020. The subjects were adolescent boys aged 14-18 years with an age-appropriate body mass index (CDC BMI chart 2000) > P95. Twenty-five subjects were randomized into two groups, endurance and resistance groups. Frequency resistance training 3 times a week for 8 weeks. The intensity was determined using the Borg scale, gradually increasing. Endurance training starts with light intensity and gradually increases to moderate intensity with aerobic exercise (zumba fitness) for 30-60 minutes, a frequency of 3 times a week for 8 weeks. This study was conducted without calorie restriction. The assessments include static balance with the Standing Stork test and dynamic balance with the Modified BASS Balance test. The static balance (KS) in the pre-intervention endurance group was 2.21?0.80, and post-intervention 3.93?1.44, significance 0.002, while the pre-intervention resistance group was 2.30?0.67 and post-intervention 4.05?1.66 significance 0.001. The dynamic balance (KD) data for the pre-intervention endurance group was 79.08?11.1 and post-intervention 94.17?6.29, significance 0.000, while the pre-intervention resistance group was 75.85?14.88 and post-intervention 95.38?6.29, significance 0.000. Changes in static and dynamic balance before and after intervention between the 2 groups of endurance and resistance training there was no significant difference with a p-value of 0.955 for static balance and a p-value of 0.288 for dynamic balance. Endurance training and resistance training regularly 3 times a week for 8 weeks can have an effect on improving static and dynamic balance in obese adolescent boys.