Comparison the effect of preloading and coloading with crystalloid fluid on the incidence of hypotension after spinal anesthesia in cesarean section

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Introduction: Hypotension after spinal anesthesia is a frequent complication in patients undergoing cesarean section; the incidence of maternal hypotension is 60%–70%. One way to overcome or prevent hypotension due to spinal anesthesia is by administering intravenous fluid boluses. This study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of crystalloid fluid preloading and coloading against the incidence of hypotension after spinal anesthesia in cesarean section. Methods: This research is a single-blind clinical trial. The number of subjects who participated in this study were 51 subjects. Subjects selected by consecutive sampling with inclusion criteria gravida patients aged 16 years to 40 years with ASA 1 or ASA 2 physical status who would undergo elective cesarean section with spinal anesthesia and there were no contraindications for spinal anesthesia. Participants were divided into three groups, namely preloading group, coloading group, and control group. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure (MAP), and pulse rates are measured in basal conditions and 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 min after spinal anesthesia. Statistical analysis for the differences in hemodynamic parameters among the three groups of subjects were analyzed by the Repeated Measured Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) test. Whereas Bonferonni post hoc test was used to compare the differences in hemodynamic parameters between each group. Results: Bonferroni post hoc test results showed that there were significant differences in the decrease of systolic, diastolic, and MAP blood pressure differences between the coloading group with the preloading group and the control group (P