Abstract
The aim of the present clinical study was to assess and compare the histomorphometric results and efficacy of freeze-dried bone allograft (FDBA) in combination with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), and PRF as a sole grafting material for socket preservation. Ninety patients in need of tooth extraction and implant restoration were included in this study. The participants were randomly divided into three groups based on post-extraction clinical protocol: socket preservation procedure with allograft in combination with a PRF membrane (PRFm), PRF as a sole grafting material, and a control group. A total of 90 implants were placed four months post-extraction. During the surgical re-entry a bone biopsy was harvested with a trephine drill. Histological samples were prepared and analyzed for percentage vital bone and connective tissue. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc analysis were used to assess the results. Both test groups revealed a significantly higher percentage of vital bone formation compared to the control group. No statistically significant differences regarding vital bone formation and connective tissue quantity between the tested groups were observed (FDBA + PRFm: 3.29 ± 13.03%; and PRF: 60.79 ± 9.72%). From a clinical and histological point of view, both materials in the test groups are suitable for the filling of post-extraction sockets without bone defects. Both of the tested groups revealed a significantly higher percentage of vital bone formation compared to the control group.
Highlights
After tooth extraction the dimensions of the alveolar bone are subjected to resorption and remodeling processes
10.89%), which significantly different from the bone group found in the control group
The maximum stimulating effect of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) occurs on day 14 [26]. These findings suggest that the growth factors contained in PRF may play a role in promoting bone regeneration for a prolonged period
Summary
After tooth extraction the dimensions of the alveolar bone are subjected to resorption and remodeling processes. These changes occur after tooth loss, given that the alveolar process is tooth dependent [1]. Studies have reported that after tooth extraction bone resorption is most active in the first year, and is most pronounced during the first three months [2]. Six months after tooth extraction, the width and height of the alveolar bone are reduced by 3.8 and 1.24 mm, respectively [5]. Some studies have reported that post-extraction alveolar resorption of the upper or lower alveolar ridge is significantly more pronounced in the area of the buccal bone plate compared to the
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