Abstract
This article presents the design, construction and performance comparison of three 4×4 Butler matrix technologies working on the Ka-band: standard microstrip, standard microstrip with metasurface packaging and inverted microstrip gap waveguide technology (IM-GWG). Measurement results show that the packaged microstrip and the IM-GWG exhibit less losses, with a good compromise in cost and performance compared to the conventional microstrip Butler matrix.
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