Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are useful tools for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus. In their recent position statement, the American Diabetes Association and European Association for the Study of Diabetes recommend GLP1-RAs as add-on to metformin when therapeutic goals are not achieved with monotherapy, particularly for patients who wish to avoid weight gain or hypoglycemia. GLP1-RAs differ substantially in their duration of action, frequency of administration and clinical profile. Members of this class approved for clinical use include exenatide twice-daily, exenatide once-weekly, liraglutide and lixisenatide once-daily. Recently, two new once-weekly GLP1-RAs have been approved: dulaglutide and albiglutide. This article summarizes properties of short- and long-acting GLP-1 analogs, and provides useful information to help choose the most appropriate compound for individual patients.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13300-015-0127-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are useful tools for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)
Most of the benefits of GLP-1 can be exerted by both long-acting and short-acting GLP-1 analogs, the short-acting preparation of exenatide offers the additional benefit of greater decelerating gastric emptying, which appears to be the key factor driving the reduction of postprandial glycemia [104]
In the study by Buse et al, the short duration of exenatide action is illustrated by the fact that glycemic excursions following lunch— the meal that did not directly follow an injection of exenatide—did not differ from those with placebo [85]
Summary
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are useful tools for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In their recent position statement, the American Diabetes Association and European Association for the Study of Diabetes recommend GLP1-RAs as add-on to metformin when therapeutic goals are not achieved with monotherapy, for patients who wish to avoid. Diabetes Ther (2015) 6:239–256 weight gain or hypoglycemia [1]. This article summarizes properties of short- and long-acting GLP-1 analogs, providing useful information for choosing the most appropriate compound for individual patients
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