Abstract
In order to investigate the effect of exercise modality and bra type on vertical breast displacement, seven participants with similar ages and body types were selected to take part in this study. Three-dimensional motion capture system (NDI Optotrak Certus) was used to collect the data of vertical breast displacement when participants were walking at the speed of 5 km/h, jogging at the speed of 7.5 km/h, running at the speed of 10 km/h on a treadmill, and rope skipping at the frequency of twice per second. It was found that there was no significant difference in vertical breast displacement between rope skipping, jogging and running. And the vertical breast displacement when wearing sports bra is significantly less than everyday bra in four exercise modalities. The results of this study might be useful for designing special sports bra for rope skipping modality.
Highlights
As a form of moderate-to-high intensity aerobic exercise,[1, 2] rope skipping is an effective way to lose weight, which is accepted and used by the majority of people.[3,4,5] Besides, previous researches showed that rope skipping exercise made a positive effect on vascular compliance, cardiopulmonary function, oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity.[5]
The results of twoway ANOVA revealed that there was a significant effect of exercise modality on vertical breast displacement (p < 0.05)
The findings suggested that breast motion research that analyzes treadmill jogging and running may be applicable to rope skipping, which might help to inform the requirements of breast support garments as a means to reduce breast pain for rope skipping
Summary
As a form of moderate-to-high intensity aerobic exercise,[1, 2] rope skipping is an effective way to lose weight, which is accepted and used by the majority of people.[3,4,5] Besides, previous researches showed that rope skipping exercise made a positive effect on vascular compliance, cardiopulmonary function, oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity.[5]. Rope skipping is an activity which does not require a lot of space, is suitable for densely populated environments like school.[1] rope skipping includes a jumping component, which may cause excessive breast displacement. It is acknowledged that excessive breast displacement is related to breast discomfort even pain, which troubles many women, especially women with large breasts.[6, 7] breast displacement could be reduced by wearing sports bras.[8,9,10] Previous researches have investigated breast biomechanics during a range of exercise modalities, including treadmill walking[11], running[12] and swimming,[13] and found that increases in breast support (wearing bra) caused decreases in breast displacement.[13] But up to now, much less exploration on the vertical breast displacement during rope skipping was found
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