Comparison of Type I Diabetes Frequency in Children with Cesarean and Normal Vaginal Delivery

Abstract

Aim: The effect of type 1 diabetes mellitus over the world is rising day after day. There are controversial results that may be related to cesarean delivery that has become widespread in recent years and the risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus. In this study, we aimed to investigate the frequency of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children born by cesarean delivery or normal vaginal delivery, considering that there may be an association between mode of birth way and diabetes mellitus.Material and Methods: The study was organized with 368 children who were diagnosed as type 1 diabetes mellitus between 8-16 ages that applied to the diabetes outpatient clinic in 2019. The patients were grouped according to the mode of delivery. Descriptive data such as age, gender, HBA1c, and BMI were evaluated retrospectively.Results: The children with type 1 diabetes mellitus, cesarean delivery show 33.2% more than normal vaginal delivery (p<0.001). While 9.0% of children with cesarean delivery had mother's diabetes mellitus, this rate was 5.7% in children with normal vaginal delivery. Similarly, 5.3% of children with cesarean delivery had diabetes mellitus in their father, while this rate was 8.9% in children with normal vaginal delivery.Conclusion: According to the results of this study, cesarean delivery may have a significant effect on the risk for type 1 diabetes mellitus in childhood either adolescence. Even if parents with diabetes were not included, it was found that cesarean delivery have meaningful relation by diabetes mellitus stimulation. Regarding this, further studies are needed.